Rear axle for motor vehicles



Feb. 21, 1928. 1,660,113

C. BJUR REAR AXLE FOR MOTOR VEHICLES Filed Nov. 1 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 21, 1928. 1,660,113

C. BJUR REAR AXLE FOR MOTOR VEHICLES Filed Nov. 17. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 gwwmtoz P ma, e I f 1,6 11 iomrao STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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V Application fled Iuenbcr 17, 1988. Serial 10. 148,888.

This invention relates to motor vehicles, stitute the differential housing. The parts and more particularly to a rear axle 0011- are secured to ether by means of bolts 5 and struction therefor. 5*, some of w ich bolts may enter threaded One of the objects of the invention is to sockets inthe endof the casing 3, as shown so 5 provide an improved construction of diflerat 6 in Fig. 1.

ential housing and differential gearing, the On the end of propeller shaft 1 is secured. housing being formed of axially separable a bevel pinion 7 which meshes with a bevel sections so arranged that, when separated, gear 8v secured to string 9 forming part of the difierential gearing as a, unit may be re-. the differential. Pins 01 studs 10 are set 65 1o o d, radially 1nto the ring 9 and into a boss on a Another object is to'simplify the stub shaft 12 concentric with said ring, such struction of such mechanism by mounting boss, pins and ring constituting a spider. the ends. of the stub shaft carrying the dif- Journaled on the pins 10 are a plurality of ferential s ider in bearings supp t d 11- bevel planetary pmions 11. These pinions 7o rectl'y by t e adjacent ends of the driven 01'' esh at each side of the spider with a corlivqg h; ti responding bevel gear 11 formed at one end It'has heretofore been proposed to interof a sleeve 21 which is journaled on the stub pose planetary reduction gearing between Sh f 12. the difierentiargearing and the driven axle The extreme ends of the stub shaft 12 are 75 sections, such anetary gearing being enreduced 1n diameter, as shown at 13, and closed within-the difierential housing. The ch of thme reduced ends is join-naled in presnt, inventiqn'embodies this feature also, anti-friction thrust bearings 14 set in a cenand seeks to improve the construction by so rill rece s 1 pocket in a bearing member 15 mounting the difi'erential and. planetary keyed as -at'-16 to the adjacent end of the 80 5 g -i th t ll ts th of are i a o driven axle section 17, and forming a ri 'd mon c amber, w ereby. lubricant placed in part thereof. The outer end of the mem er aid h mber will thoroughly re h ll f '15 1s reduced in diameter to constitute a id earingn ournal which is supported on roller bear- Ot er specific objects will hereinafter apmgs 18 interposed between such journal and 85 Peer, the axle cas ng 4. Beyond the end of the In order that the inventionmgy be readmember 15 is mounted a thrust bearing 19, ily understood, reference is had to the acpr ferably of the ball type, which i h ld i com anying drawings forming part of this position by means of an adjustable bushing fi tion, nd m whi h;-- 2O threaded into the axle casing. 9 Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through. I W 11 e apparent that by turning these my improved differential housing and 3 50- bllShln S 20, by means of a suitable (3001, the ciated parts, showing the differential and hru arings 19, and with them the memplanetary reduction gearing; hers 15, may be adjusted axially. This axial I Figure 2 is a sectional p an of the same adjustment 1s transmitted through the roller 95 40 on a somewhat reduced scale, and Showing thrustbearings 14 and washers 21 which the method of removing the differential surround the stub shaft, to such stub shaft gearing; and and the sleeves 21, and by this means it will Figure. 3 is a transverse section substanbe n ha h vel gear 8 may be kept in tiall on the line 3-3 of Figure 2, looking proper mesh with the pinion 7 This pinion 100 in t e direction of the arrow. and the propeller shaft may also be adjusted Referring to the drawings in detail, 1 axially of the casing 3 in the same manner, designates the usual ropeller shaft which if sir 4 is mounted in suitable earings 2 in a casing From the foregoing it will be seen that I 3. The bearings 2 are preferably of the antihave provided a diflferential gearing wholly 105 friction thrust type. supported in recessed bearing members, The casing 3 is secured to the axle casing which, as shown, are carried by the adjacent and differential housing, which structure ends of the drivenaxle sections, thus greatly comprises a pair. of en sections 4 and a simplifying the construction and reducing central section 4, such'sections being axially friction. no separable. The enlargements on the ends of On the outer ends of the sleeves 21 joursections 4, together with the section 4', connaled on the stub shaft 12 are formed spur Y bricate the same.

' many advantages flange 27 formed on the bearing member 15.-

The inner ends of the pins 26 are connected by means of a rin 28.

From this it w ll be seen that power is transmitted from the bevel gear 8 through the differential gears 11 and 119, sleeyes 21,

gears 22 and 23, and planetary inions 24 tov the flanged members 15, and t ence to the driven axle sections 17. Thus, a complete reduction is effected within the differential housing.

It will be particularly noted that all of the differential and planetary gearing, above described, is mounted in a common chamber in the differential housing. By virtue of this arrangement it is obvious that lubricant placed in the differential housing will reach all parts of this gearing and thoroughl lu- This is a distinct a vantage over prior constructions and in which the differential gearing is enclosed within a chamber separate from the planetary gear- T3 reference to Fig. 2, the method of assem ling and removing the par@ of my improved earing will be apparent. By taking out the olts 5 and 5 at the left hand side of the assembl the left hand section 4 of the casin and with it the flanged member and anetary' ears, may be shifted axially to the left. e entire differential ing, including the gears 8, 11 and ll an the sleeves 21 and gears 22, can then bewithdrawn endwise as a unit,'and removed from the housing. Thus, the differential gearing is readily accessible for inspection, repairs or renewal at an time, and may be replaced without distur ing the planetary gearing at the right hand side of the housing, and w1thout removing the propeller shaft or its pm ion.

From the foregoin it is thought that the my improved design will'be 'readil appreciated by those skilled in the art, wit out further discussion.

, What I claim is 1. In a vehicle axle,.the combination with an axle casing, of driven..e axle sections joure naled in said casing, and differential gearsections, said gearing including a bevel ear and spider, a stub shaft rigid with said vel ear and sgider, members rigid with the en s of said rivenaxle sections carrying thrust bearings in which thrust .-bear1ngs in thesame plane ears and concentric therewith bymeans of the bolts 5 and 5, as

earbevelled :5 between the inner ends o said driven means for transmitting power rom said bevel gear to said driven axle sections and means for axi lly djusting said thrust bearmgs, whereby said bevel ear may be maintamed 111 proper mesh wit the usual propel- .ler shaft pinion which v drives it.

v 2. Ina vehicle axle, the combination with an axle casing, of driven axle sections journaled in said casing, and differential gearing between thev inner ends of.v said driven ax e sections, said earin including a differential spider, "an a stu shaft rigid with said spider, bevelled pinionscarried by said spider, a sleeve journaled on said-stub shaft at each side of said s ider, said sleeve having at one end a bevel ed gear meshing with sa1d pinions, and providedat the other end with a. second 'gear, a fixed internalring gear surrounding and-in the plane of sai second gear, a flanged member secured to the end of each driven axle section, tary pinions carried by said her and engagin and said interna being Journaled at its ends in the centers of sai flan ed members, ported there y. Y v

3. In a vehicle axle, an axle housing, aligned live axle sections journaledin said housing with theiradjacent ends spaced":

apart, said ends being provided with bearassembly interposed betweenthe spaced ends of said live axle sections and comprisingj'a driving gear, a stub shaft, a spider havm radial pins ri id with said stub shaft and carrying beveled pinions, and ,a pair of beve 1e gears with which said pinions mesh and means for transmitting power from said sections,

[the endsof saidstub shaft are 'ournaled.

and planeflanged memboth with saidsecond ear ring gear, said stub s aft and wholly sup:

mg receiving means, a differential gearing ears to. the respective live axle are said stub shaft carrying said differential gearing assembly being wholly supported in the said bearing receiving means, whereby, when one of said live axle sections is shifted axially away from the other, the entire differential assembly may be removed as a unit. 7

4. In a vehicle axle, the combination with an axle casin of driven axle sections journaled in sai casing, recessed members secured on'the inner ends of said axle section's, differential vgearin between the inner ends of said driven ax e sections, said caring including a differential .spider avin bevelled pinions, a stub shaft carrying sai spider, and a bevelled gear journaled on each side of said spider on said stub shaft andmeshin with said inions and .drivin COIlIlQCtlOHSJGtWG6I1 sai bevel ed gearsan said recessed members, the ends of said stub shaft being. journaled in and supported wholly by the recessed members secured on the adjacent ends ofsaid driven axle sections.

5. In a vehicle axle, an axle housin comprising a plurality of axially se arab e sections, alined live axles journa ed in said housing with their adjaceint ends s aced apart, diiferential gearing interpose between the spaced ends of said live axles and comprising a driving gear, a stub shaft, a spider having radial pins rigid with said stub shaft and carrying bevelled pinions, and a pair of bevelled gears journaled on and supported by said stub shaft, with which gears said pinions mesh, driving connections between said gears and said live axles, and means rigid with said live axles for wholly supporting said stub shaft, whereby, when one of the housing sections is separated axially from the adjacent section, the entire above mentioned differential earing assembly may be removed as a unit,

rom the housing- 6. In a vehicle axle, the combination with an axle casing, of driven axle sections journaled in said casing, with their adjacent ends spaced apart, differential gearing between the said ends of said driven axle sections, said gearing including a differential spider having beveled pinions, a beveled gear at each side of said spider and meshing with said pinions, a stub shaft carrying said spider and beveled gears and on which the latter are journaled, driving connections between said beveled gears and said driven axle sections, and a pair of bearing members having alined central recesses in which the ends of said stub shaft are journaled and wholl supported.

7. in a vehicle axle, an axle housing comprising a plurality of axially separable sections, alined live axles journa ed in said housing with their adjacent ends spaced apart, differential gearing interposed between the spaced ends of said live axles and comprising a driving gear, a stub shaft, a spider having radial pins rigid with said stub shaft and carrying bevelled pinions, and a pair of bevelled gears journaled on and supported by said stub shaft, with which gears said pinions mesh, driving connections between said gears and said live axles and a bearing member within each axle housing section, said members having alined central recesses in which the ends of said stub shaft are wholly supported, whereby, when one of the housin sections is separated axially from the adjacent section, the entire above. mentioned differential gearing assembly. may be removed as a unit, from the housing.

In testimony CARL BJUR.

whereof I afiix my signature. 

